Host Networking Ports

Bundles: pod-security-baseline pod-security-restricted

Description

Controls usage of host network namespace by pod containers. HostNetwork verification happens without exception for exemptImages. Specific ports must be specified. Corresponds to the hostNetwork and hostPorts fields in a PodSecurityPolicy. For more information, see https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/policy/pod-security-policy/#host-namespaces

Template

apiVersion: templates.gatekeeper.sh/v1
kind: ConstraintTemplate
metadata:
  name: k8spsphostnetworkingports
  annotations:
    metadata.gatekeeper.sh/title: "Host Networking Ports"
    metadata.gatekeeper.sh/version: 1.1.5
    metadata.gatekeeper.sh/bundle: "pod-security-baseline, pod-security-restricted"
    description: >-
      Controls usage of host network namespace by pod containers. HostNetwork verification happens without exception for exemptImages. Specific
      ports must be specified. Corresponds to the `hostNetwork` and
      `hostPorts` fields in a PodSecurityPolicy. For more information, see
      https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/policy/pod-security-policy/#host-namespaces
spec:
  crd:
    spec:
      names:
        kind: K8sPSPHostNetworkingPorts
      validation:
        # Schema for the `parameters` field
        openAPIV3Schema:
          type: object
          description: >-
            Controls usage of host network namespace by pod containers. HostNetwork verification happens without exception for exemptImages. Specific
            ports must be specified. Corresponds to the `hostNetwork` and
            `hostPorts` fields in a PodSecurityPolicy. For more information, see
            https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/policy/pod-security-policy/#host-namespaces
          properties:
            exemptImages:
              description: >-
                Any container that uses an image that matches an entry in this list will be excluded
                from enforcement. Prefix-matching can be signified with `*`. For example: `my-image-*`.

                It is recommended that users use the fully-qualified Docker image name (e.g. start with a domain name)
                in order to avoid unexpectedly exempting images from an untrusted repository.
              type: array
              items:
                type: string
            hostNetwork:
              description: "Determines if the policy allows the use of HostNetwork in the pod spec."
              type: boolean
            min:
              description: "The start of the allowed port range, inclusive."
              type: integer
            max:
              description: "The end of the allowed port range, inclusive."
              type: integer
  targets:
    - target: admission.k8s.gatekeeper.sh
      code:
      - engine: K8sNativeValidation
        source:
          variables:
          - name: containers
            expression: 'has(variables.anyObject.spec.containers) ? variables.anyObject.spec.containers : []'
          - name: initContainers
            expression: 'has(variables.anyObject.spec.initContainers) ? variables.anyObject.spec.initContainers : []'
          - name: ephemeralContainers
            expression: 'has(variables.anyObject.spec.ephemeralContainers) ? variables.anyObject.spec.ephemeralContainers : []'
          - name: exemptImagePrefixes
            expression: |
              !has(variables.params.exemptImages) ? [] :
                variables.params.exemptImages.filter(image, image.endsWith("*")).map(image, string(image).replace("*", ""))
          - name: exemptImageExplicit
            expression: |
              !has(variables.params.exemptImages) ? [] : 
                variables.params.exemptImages.filter(image, !image.endsWith("*"))
          - name: exemptImages
            expression: |
              (variables.containers + variables.initContainers + variables.ephemeralContainers).filter(container,
                container.image in variables.exemptImageExplicit ||
                variables.exemptImagePrefixes.exists(exemption, string(container.image).startsWith(exemption))
              ).map(container, container.image)
          - name: badContainers
            expression: |
              (variables.containers + variables.initContainers + variables.ephemeralContainers).filter(container,
                !(container.image in variables.exemptImages) && has(container.ports) &&
                (
                  (container.ports.all(port, has(port.hostPort) && has(variables.params.min) && port.hostPort < variables.params.min)) ||
                  (container.ports.all(port, has(port.hostPort) && has(variables.params.max) && port.hostPort > variables.params.max))
                )
              )
          - name: isUpdate
            expression: has(request.operation) && request.operation == "UPDATE"
          - name: hostNetworkAllowed
            expression: has(variables.params.hostNetwork) && variables.params.hostNetwork
          - name: hostNetworkEnabled
            expression: has(variables.anyObject.spec.hostNetwork) && variables.anyObject.spec.hostNetwork
          - name: hostNetworkViolation
            expression: variables.hostNetworkEnabled && !variables.hostNetworkAllowed
          validations:
          - expression: 'variables.isUpdate || size(variables.badContainers) == 0'
            messageExpression: '"The specified hostNetwork and hostPort are not allowed, pod: " + variables.anyObject.metadata.name'
          - expression: variables.isUpdate || !variables.hostNetworkViolation
            messageExpression: '"The specified hostNetwork and hostPort are not allowed, pod: " + variables.anyObject.metadata.name'
      - engine: Rego
        source:
          rego: |
            package k8spsphostnetworkingports

            import data.lib.exclude_update.is_update
            import data.lib.exempt_container.is_exempt

            violation[{"msg": msg, "details": {}}] {
                # spec.hostNetwork field is immutable.
                not is_update(input.review)

                input_share_hostnetwork(input.review.object)
                msg := sprintf("The specified hostNetwork and hostPort are not allowed, pod: %v. Allowed values: %v", [input.review.object.metadata.name, input.parameters])
            }

            input_share_hostnetwork(o) {
                not input.parameters.hostNetwork
                o.spec.hostNetwork
            }

            input_share_hostnetwork(_) {
                hostPort := input_containers[_].ports[_].hostPort
                hostPort < input.parameters.min
            }

            input_share_hostnetwork(_) {
                hostPort := input_containers[_].ports[_].hostPort
                hostPort > input.parameters.max
            }

            input_containers[c] {
                c := input.review.object.spec.containers[_]
                not is_exempt(c)
            }

            input_containers[c] {
                c := input.review.object.spec.initContainers[_]
                not is_exempt(c)
            }

            input_containers[c] {
                c := input.review.object.spec.ephemeralContainers[_]
                not is_exempt(c)
            }
          libs:
            - |
              package lib.exclude_update

              is_update(review) {
                  review.operation == "UPDATE"
              }
            - |
              package lib.exempt_container

              is_exempt(container) {
                  exempt_images := object.get(object.get(input, "parameters", {}), "exemptImages", [])
                  img := container.image
                  exemption := exempt_images[_]
                  _matches_exemption(img, exemption)
              }

              _matches_exemption(img, exemption) {
                  not endswith(exemption, "*")
                  exemption == img
              }

              _matches_exemption(img, exemption) {
                  endswith(exemption, "*")
                  prefix := trim_suffix(exemption, "*")
                  startswith(img, prefix)
              }

Usage

kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/open-policy-agent/gatekeeper-library/master/library/pod-security-policy/host-network-ports/template.yaml

Examples

port-range-with-host-network-allowed

constraint

apiVersion: constraints.gatekeeper.sh/v1beta1
kind: K8sPSPHostNetworkingPorts
metadata:
  name: psp-host-network-ports
spec:
  match:
    kinds:
      - apiGroups: [""]
        kinds: ["Pod"]
  parameters:
    hostNetwork: true
    min: 80
    max: 9000
    exemptImages:
    - "safeimages.com/*"

Usage

kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/open-policy-agent/gatekeeper-library/master/library/pod-security-policy/host-network-ports/samples/psp-host-network-ports/constraint.yaml

out-of-range

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: nginx-host-networking-ports-disallowed
  labels:
    app: nginx-host-networking-ports
spec:
  hostNetwork: true
  containers:
  - name: nginx
    image: nginx
    ports:
    - containerPort: 9001
      hostPort: 9001

Usage

kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/open-policy-agent/gatekeeper-library/master/library/pod-security-policy/host-network-ports/samples/port_range_block_host_network/example_disallowed_out_of_range_host_network_true.yaml

example-allowed

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: nginx-host-networking-ports-allowed
  labels:
    app: nginx-host-networking-ports
spec:
  containers:
  - name: nginx
    image: nginx
    ports:
    - containerPort: 9000
      hostPort: 80

Usage

kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/open-policy-agent/gatekeeper-library/master/library/pod-security-policy/host-network-ports/samples/psp-host-network-ports/example_allowed_in_range.yaml

out-of-range-ephemeral

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: nginx-host-networking-ports-disallowed
  labels:
    app: nginx-host-networking-ports
spec:
  hostNetwork: true
  ephemeralContainers:
  - name: nginx
    image: nginx
    ports:
    - containerPort: 9001
      hostPort: 9001

Usage

kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/open-policy-agent/gatekeeper-library/master/library/pod-security-policy/host-network-ports/samples/psp-host-network-ports/disallowed_ephemeral.yaml

no-ports-specified

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: nginx-host-networking-ports-disallowed
  labels:
    app: nginx-host-networking-ports
spec:
  hostNetwork: true
  containers:
  - name: nginx
    image: nginx

Usage

kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/open-policy-agent/gatekeeper-library/master/library/pod-security-policy/host-network-ports/samples/psp-host-network-ports/example_allowed_no_ports.yaml

port-violation-exempted

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: nginx-host-networking-ports-exempted
  labels:
    app: nginx-host-networking-ports
spec:
  hostNetwork: true
  containers:
  - name: nginx
    image: safeimages.com/nginx
    ports:
    - containerPort: 9001
      hostPort: 9001

Usage

kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/open-policy-agent/gatekeeper-library/master/library/pod-security-policy/host-network-ports/samples/psp-host-network-ports/example_allowed_out_of_range_exempted.yaml

host-network-forbidden

constraint

apiVersion: constraints.gatekeeper.sh/v1beta1
kind: K8sPSPHostNetworkingPorts
metadata:
  name: psp-host-network
spec:
  match:
    kinds:
      - apiGroups: [""]
        kinds: ["Pod"]
  parameters:
    hostNetwork: false

Usage

kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/open-policy-agent/gatekeeper-library/master/library/pod-security-policy/host-network-ports/samples/block_host_network/constraint.yaml

hostnetwork-true

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: nginx-host-network-true
spec:
  hostNetwork: true
  containers:
  - name: nginx
    image: nginx

Usage

kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/open-policy-agent/gatekeeper-library/master/library/pod-security-policy/host-network-ports/samples/psp-host-network-ports/example_allowed_no_ports_host_network_true.yaml

hostnetwork-false

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: nginx-host-network-false
spec:
  hostNetwork: false
  containers:
  - name: nginx
    image: nginx

Usage

kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/open-policy-agent/gatekeeper-library/master/library/pod-security-policy/host-network-ports/samples/psp-host-network-ports/example_allowed_no_ports_host_network_false.yaml

port-range-with-host-network-forbidden

constraint

apiVersion: constraints.gatekeeper.sh/v1beta1
kind: K8sPSPHostNetworkingPorts
metadata:
  name: psp-host-network-ports
spec:
  match:
    kinds:
      - apiGroups: [""]
        kinds: ["Pod"]
  parameters:
    hostNetwork: false
    min: 80
    max: 9000
    exemptImages:
    - "safeimages.com/*"

Usage

kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/open-policy-agent/gatekeeper-library/master/library/pod-security-policy/host-network-ports/samples/port_range_block_host_network/constraint.yaml

out-of-range-and-host-network-true

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: nginx-host-networking-ports-disallowed
  labels:
    app: nginx-host-networking-ports
spec:
  hostNetwork: true
  containers:
  - name: nginx
    image: nginx
    ports:
    - containerPort: 9001
      hostPort: 9001

Usage

kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/open-policy-agent/gatekeeper-library/master/library/pod-security-policy/host-network-ports/samples/port_range_block_host_network/example_disallowed_out_of_range_host_network_true.yaml

exempted-image-still-violates-on-hostnetwork

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: nginx-host-networking-hn-ok-bad-port
  labels:
    app: nginx-host-networking-ports
spec:
  hostNetwork: true
  containers:
  - name: nginx
    image: safeimages.com/nginx
    ports:
    - containerPort: 9001
      hostPort: 9001

Usage

kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/open-policy-agent/gatekeeper-library/master/library/pod-security-policy/host-network-ports/samples/port_range_block_host_network/example_disallowed_exempted_container_host_network_enabled.yaml

in-range-host-network-false

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: nginx-host-networking-ports-allowed
  labels:
    app: nginx-host-networking-ports
spec:
  containers:
  - name: nginx
    image: nginx
    ports:
    - containerPort: 9000
      hostPort: 80

Usage

kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/open-policy-agent/gatekeeper-library/master/library/pod-security-policy/host-network-ports/samples/psp-host-network-ports/example_allowed_in_range.yaml

disallowed-ephemeral

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: nginx-host-networking-ports-disallowed
  labels:
    app: nginx-host-networking-ports
spec:
  hostNetwork: true
  ephemeralContainers:
  - name: nginx
    image: nginx
    ports:
    - containerPort: 9001
      hostPort: 9001

Usage

kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/open-policy-agent/gatekeeper-library/master/library/pod-security-policy/host-network-ports/samples/psp-host-network-ports/disallowed_ephemeral.yaml

Host Networking Ports

Description​

Template​

Usage​

Examples​

Description

Template

Usage

Examples